In the middle ages in Sweden and Norway, a vocal technique known as kulning developed among women who had to take animals from farms to graze them in forests in the summer, using piercing calls audible for kilometres to bring their cows and goats back to their small farms at the end of a day. While many of the farms closed after Sweden’s industrialisation in the mid-19th century, some of them, known as fabods, survive. Kulning lives on in some of them, but with prestigious music schools and private tutors offering courses around Sweden, the unique cattle call has become an art form and found new popularity away from its roots.

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